I learned about European plug types the hard way during my first backpacking trip in 2008. I arrived in Barcelona with a single UK-to-EU adapter, which worked fine until I reached Switzerland and discovered they use a completely different socket. Since then I have carried a multi-country adapter on every European trip, and I now know the difference between Type C, E, and F outlets without having to look it up. Most of continental Europe is straightforward once you understand the basics – but the exceptions will catch you out if you are not prepared.
Most of Europe uses Type C and Type F plugs (two round pins). Voltage is 220-240V at 50Hz.
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Plug Types in Europe
| Type | Description | Countries |
|---|---|---|
| Type C | Two round pins, ungrounded | Most of Europe |
| Type F | Two round pins + grounding clips | Germany, France, Spain, Austria, Netherlands |
| Type E | Two round pins + grounding pin (hole in plug) | France, Belgium, Poland |
Exceptions:
- UK and Ireland: Type G (three rectangular pins)
- Switzerland: Type J (three round pins)
- Italy: Type L (three round pins in a row)
Who Needs What
| From | Adapter? | Converter? |
|---|---|---|
| UK | Yes | No |
| USA/Canada | Yes | Usually no (check device) |
| Australia | Yes | No |
Voltage
Europe uses 220-240V at 50Hz. The UK uses the same voltage, so UK devices work with just an adapter.
US devices (110-120V) need to be checked:
- 100-240V on label: Only need adapter
- 110V or 120V only: Need voltage converter
Most modern electronics (phones, laptops, cameras) are dual-voltage and work anywhere.
Types of Adapters
- Single plug: Basic, converts one plug
- Multi-plug: Multiple outlets in one adapter
- USB adapters: Include USB ports for charging phones directly
Choosing an Adapter
Consider:
- Number of devices to charge
- USB port availability
- Whether you need grounded outlets
- Portability
Where to Buy
UK: Argos, Currys, Boots, supermarkets, Amazon
USA: Target, Walmart, Best Buy, Amazon
In Europe: Electronics stores, airports, some hotels
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Frequently Asked Questions
What plug types are used in Europe?
Most of Europe uses Type C (two round pins) and Type F (two round pins with grounding clips). France, Belgium, and Poland use Type E. Exceptions include UK/Ireland (Type G), Switzerland (Type J), and Italy (Type L).
Do UK travelers need an adapter for Europe?
Yes, UK plugs (Type G with three rectangular pins) won’t fit European outlets. You need a UK-to-EU adapter for continental Europe, except Ireland which uses the same Type G plugs as the UK.
Do US travelers need a voltage converter for Europe?
Most modern electronics are dual-voltage (100-240V) and only need a plug adapter. Check your device label – if it says “110V” or “120V only,” you’ll need a voltage converter.
What voltage does Europe use?
Most of Europe uses 220-240V at 50Hz, which is the same as the UK. The US uses 110-120V, so check your devices for dual-voltage capability.
Will my EU adapter work in Switzerland and Italy?
Switzerland uses Type J (three round pins) and Italy uses Type L (three round pins in a row), which are different from standard EU plugs. You’ll need specific adapters or a universal adapter for these countries.
Where can I buy a European plug adapter?
UK travelers can buy adapters at Argos, Currys, Boots, supermarkets, or Amazon. US travelers can find them at Target, Walmart, Best Buy, or Amazon. They’re also available at airports and electronics stores in Europe.
